Genetics of Anxiety Disorder PTSD
Stress-Related Gene May Help Explain Post Traumatic Stress
JAMA study reveals relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), child abuse and a stress-related gene.
Why do some people seem to recover after experiencing a traumatic event while others suffer post-traumatic stress disorder? Genetics? Environment? It appears to be an interaction of both.
This new research, conducted by Rebekah G. Bradley, Ph.D. (Emory University School of Medicine) and colleagues, found an association between variation in the gene FKBP5, childhood abuse and risk of PTSD in adults.
PTSD Genetic and Environmental Factors
There is an existing body of research suggesting that the level of psychological risk to the traumatized individual is due to both genetic and environmental factors, and that a history of being abused as a child seems to be associated with a significant increase the risk of developing PTSD. Bradley and her colleagues were interested in figuring out how these prior findings on genetics, child abuse and PTSD fit together.
FKBP5 Gene & Stress
They focused their investigation on polymorphisms (genetic variations) of the gene FKBP5 (a gene related to stress response), and how these genetic variations predicted PTSD symptoms in traumatized, low-income, urban men and women. The research examined not only at FKBP5 polymorphisms and adult post traumatic stress, but also took into consideration the level of child abuse and other types of trauma that the subjects reported having been exposed to.
Genetics, Child Abuse and PTSD
Bradley and her colleagues found that adult PTSD symptoms could be directly predicted from the level of child abuse and level of other types of trauma. Although the variations of FKBP5 did not directly predict adult PTSD symptoms or their severity in light of non-child abuse trauma, the FKBP5 gene did relate to the severity of child abuse as a predictor of adult PTSD symptoms.
FKBP5 and Child Abuse
This stress-related gene appears to be influenced by trauma experienced at a young age. The association of specific FKBP5 variations and childhood abuse strongly increased the chances for adult survivors of abuse to develop signs of PTSD.
Level of Child Abuse and PTSD
Among adults who had been severely abused as children, those with the certain FKBP5 variations scored more than twice the level of post-traumatic stress as individuals without those variants of the gene; and the more severe the abuse, the higher the risk in people with genetic variations that predisposed them to PTSD.
Stress-Gene, Environment and PTSD
This important research suggests that a potential genetic-environment interaction exists during childhood for later development of adult PTSD, and is one of the first studies to reveal that genes can be influenced by environmental factors in triggering PTSD.
More Information on PSTD and Genetics
The following link will take you to the JAMA abstract on this post-traumatic stress disorder study. To learn more about genetics, see Science Prof Online or other Suite101 articles, including Nucleotides & Nucleic Acids, Genotype, Phenotype & Heredity and Genetic Inheritance Patterns.
